Decision-Support Indicators for Simulation-Based Evaluation of Individualized Levodopa Dosing in Parkinson's Disease
Journal of Decision Making and Healthcare, Volume 3, Issue 3, December 2026, Pages: 190–197
Sayaphat Suksai
Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok 10110, Thailand
Chunchom Salikupata
Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok 10140, Thailand
Somkiat Phornphisutthimas
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok, 10110, Thailand
Abstract
This paper presents a simulation-based decision-support framework for evaluating individualized levodopa dosing strategies in Parkinson's disease. Building on pharmacokinetic–pharmacodynamic simulation, the study organizes model outputs into interpretable decision indicators that compare alternative schedules under patient variability. The pharmacokinetic–pharmacodynamic component describes gastrointestinal absorption, central and peripheral distribution, elimination, effect-site exposure, and nonlinear therapeutic response. Representative dosing schedules are evaluated using peak–trough fluctuation, mean effect-site exposure, time within a therapeutic reference window, response deviation, exposure variability, and an overall decision score. Numerical simulations illustrate how changes in dose size, dosing interval, and dose fractionation may alter exposure-response patterns and decision-indicator profiles. Under the selected parameter setting and equal-weight decision score, the standard four-hour schedule gives the lowest overall decision score among the three representative schedules. The framework is intended for scenario-based interpretation and hypothesis generation rather than direct clinical prescription. It provides a computational basis for future model-informed and data-driven approaches to personalized Parkinson's disease treatment.
Cite this Article as
Sayaphat Suksai, Chunchom Salikupata, and Somkiat Phornphisutthimas, Decision-Support Indicators for Simulation-Based Evaluation of Individualized Levodopa Dosing in Parkinson's Disease, Journal of Decision Making and Healthcare, 3(3), 190–197, 2026